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Houseplants and Light
Choosing the Right Plant
Ask yourself some questions before going houseplant shopping. Where
am I going to put the plant? What kind of light will it have? Do my
windows face north, south, east or west? Is it going to be near a heat
register? Are there drapes or mini-blinds on the window? How much time
do I want to spend on the plant? Does the plant have blooms? Will the
plant fit in the space I am considering? By asking yourself these
questions you will probably save yourself time, frustration and
expense.
What’s the Big Deal About Light?
Plants shrivel and die without insufficient light. They need light
to photosynthesize, which is the basic building block of plants. Their
leaves manufacture the plant’s food and energy by absorbing light over
the thin surface area. On the other hand, plants need periods of
darkness in order to rest. Artificial light can be used to substitute
for natural sunlight. However, care must be taken when choosing and
maintaining artificial light, and some (regular household) bulbs can
be too hot and actually burn the foliage of the plant. Most plants
should be placed at least 6-12 inches from the light source. It’s also
a good idea to rotate plants for more even light distribution whether
you use natural or artificial light. ‘Grow lights’ are your best bet
if considering artificial light.
What is low light?
Think of it as a ‘shady spot’ inside your house. You get some
light, but no direct light. This is usually a north window. It could
also be a room with east, west or south exposure as long as the plant
is away from the windows; more toward the interior of the room. This
still means the plant will have to be exposed to some light. Low light
does not mean no light!
What is medium light?
Medium light means as much light as possible without any direct
sunlight. Inside the home this is usually an eastern exposure. A sheer
curtain can help lessen the light in a west or south window, making it
appropriate for a medium light plant. Always remember the light is far
more intense in the summer than in the winter, so conditions may need
to be adjusted to match the season.
What is High Light?
This describes the most light
available without any direct sun. A large west or south window or an
area just a few feet away from a sunny window is ideal. Where there is
direct sunlight a sheer curtain can possibly make this site suitable
for a high light plant.
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Ten Plants for
Low Light |
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Picture |
Name of Plant |
Description |
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Cast Iron Plant:
Aspidistra
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Long, elegant dark
green leaves on short stems. Can stand some neglect, needs soil to
be kept evenly moist, but not wet. |
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Chinese Evergreen:
Aglaonema |
Tough, shade tolerant foliage plants
with distinctive leaf colors and patterns. Water sparingly in
winter, keep moist rest of year. |
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Corn Plant:
Dracaena fragrans massangeana |
Broad, arching, yellow-banded leaves
on corn-like plant, up to 6’ tall. Can stand some neglect.
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Grape Ivy: Cissus |
One of the best indoor Ivies. Dark,
glossy green 3-part leaves. Pinch shoots to encourage bushiness. |
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Heartleaf Philodendron:
Philodendron cordatum |
Heart shaped leaves on slender
flexible vines. Don’t over-water, keep evenly moist. |
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Janet Craig:
Dracaena deremensis |
Slow growing to 4’ tall with solid
dark green leaves. Keep evenly moist. |
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Kentia Palm:
Howea |
Long, arching stems, with broad
leaflets; can reach 10’. Must have good drainage, keep slightly
moist. |
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Peace Lily:
Spathiphyllum |
Green, glossy or variegated leaves
with beautiful white blooms. Keep soil moist at all times, misting
is beneficial. |
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Pothos:
Epipremnum |
Smooth waxy leaves, variegated with
white or yellow. Water liberally, but let dry slightly between
watering. |
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Snake Plant or Mother In Law Tongue:
Sansevieria |
Long saber like leaves. Several
varieties available. Can tolerate some neglect, water when soil is
slightly dry. |
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Ten Plants for Medium Light |
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Picture |
Name of Plant |
Description |
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Anthurium |
Dark, shiny leaves with beautiful
blooms in several shades of red, pink, orange, purple and white.
Keep evenly moist. |
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Arrowhead: Syngonium |
Arrow-shaped, glossy green leaves
deeply veined. Good drainage a must. |
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Bamboo Palm:
Chamaedorea seifrizii |
Slender cane-like stems and long
narrow leaflets, providing a bold focal point. Likes high
humidity. |
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Dragon Tree:
Dracaena marginata |
Upright stems and
long, narrow leaves with maroon margins. Bush or multi-tree form.
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Dumbcane:
Dieffenbachia |
Showy foliage plants with white,
creamy-white, yellow and green markings. |
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Ferns |
Dozens of varieties, from delicate
stems to smooth, leathery or ruffled fronds. High humidity is
necessary. |
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Ivies:Hedera |
Lots of varieties, infinite number of
shapes and sizes. Green, silver and golden variegated foliage.
Mist leaves frequently . |
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Rex Begonia |
Beautiful multi-colored and shaped
leaves. Should be kept slightly moist. |
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Saber ficus:
Ficus Ali |
Long, narrow, saber–like leaves with
a bushy head. Does not drop leaves like the Weeping Fig.
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Umbrella Tree:
Schefflera arboricola |
Palm like shiny green leaves, some
varieties variegated. Bush or tree form. Keep soil moist. |
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Ten Plants for
High Light |
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Picture |
Type of Plant |
Description |
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Banana:Musa |
Huge, green tropical-looking
leaves. Some with maroon markings. Hardy varieties now available.
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Bromeliads |
Many varieties with different colors
of blooms and foliage. Blooms 8-12 weeks! Keep the ‘vase’ filled
with water, but allow the potting mix to dry slightly between
waterings. |
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Cacti |
Infinite varieties and shapes. Most will bloom.
Allow the soil to dry out completely between watering.
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Croton |
Brilliantly colored leaves in shades of red,
orange, yellow and green. Keep evenly moist, a pebble tray is
helpful. |
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False Aralia:Dyzygotheca |
A graceful plant with very dark, finger-like
serrated leaves. Gives a nice lacy effect. Keep slightly moist. |
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Lemons, Limes, Oranges:Citrus |
Nice fragrant blooms and edible fruit. Dark
green, glossy leaves. Keep evenly moist at all time. Citrus are
heavy feeders. |
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Majesty palm:Ravenia |
Elegant feathery palm, 8-10’. Interesting trunk,
swollen at the base and tapering upward. Keep evenly moist.
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Orchids:
Phalaenopsis
Oncidium
Dendrobium |
Easier to grow than believed. Lots of varieties
and bloom types. Almost every color imaginable. Must be kept
moist, but not soggy, Likes high Humidity. |
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Succulents |
Unusual leaves, usually thick and waxy. Allow to
dry slightly between watering. |
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Weeping Fig:
Ficus Benjamina |
Fast growing with glossy green leaves. Most
common ‘houseplant’. Very sensitive to change. |
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